_1.对立法：先引出其他人的不同看法，*提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，适用于有争议性的主题。
_(1)when asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that…. but i think/view a *t differently.
_(2)when it comes to ...., some people beli* that…. others argue/claim that the opposite/r*rse is true. there is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but i tend to the former/latter.
_(3)now, itis commonly/generally/widely beli*d/held/acknowledged that.....they claim/ beli*/argue that ... but i wonder/doubt whether.....
_2.现象法：引出要剖析的现象或者问题，*评论。
_(1)recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ world wide concern.
_(2)recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.
_(3)inflation/corruption/social inequality ... is yet another of thenew and *tter truth we have to learn to facenow/constantly.
_3.观点法：开门见山，直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。
_(1)now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming torealize/accept/(be aware) that...
_(2)now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessityto....
_(3)now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of....
_(4)perhapsit is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....
_4.引用法：先引出
名人
名言
或者有代表性的看法，来引出文章要展开论述的观点!_(1)"knowledge is power." this is the remark made by bacon. this remark has been shared by * and * people.
_(2)"education is not complete with graduation." this is the opinion of a great american philosopher. now * and * people share hisopinion.
_(3)"...."we often hear statements/words like those/this.
_(4)we often hear such traditional complains as this "....".
_5.比较法：通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的观点。
_(1)for years, ...had been viewed as .... but people are taking a freshlook now. with the growing ..., people ....
_(2)people used to think that ... (in the past, ....) but people now share this new idea.
_6.故事法：先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣，引出文章的主题。少用!
_(1)once in (a news*), i read of/learnt..... the phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern.
_(2)i have afriend who ... should he ....? such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.
_(3)once upon a time, there lived a man who .... this story may be(unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significancenow.
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