_there be 结构是英语中陈述事物客观存的常用句型，表示“有”，其确切含义是“存在”there 作为引导词，本身没有意义，用动词be的某些形式作为谓语动词，它的主语是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名词词组，动词be和 主语的数必须一致。句子*后通常为表示地点和时间的状语。因此要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用“there be 名词 地点(时间)这一句型。例如：
_there is a great italian deli across the street.
_穿过街道，有一家大的意大利熟食店。
_there are some students in the dormitory.
_在宿舍里有一些学生。
_一、“there be”后面可以跟名词或动名词
_在“there be 主语 状语"的句型中, 作主语的名词一般是非限定的,常是泛指而不是特指, 故一般不用this, that, these, those 等词修饰, 修饰主语的一般应该是不定冠词、零冠词、基数词或a, an, some, any, no, s*ral, many, much, a few, a little, another, a lot of, enough等非特指的词汇。请看下面例句:
_there is a shop at the corner.
_在拐角处有家商店。
_there are two books on the desk.
_课桌上有两本书。
_there are many sheep bleating in the field.
_田里有许多绵羊在叫。
_二、我们也可以根据表达的需要, 在there与be之间用上恰当的情态动词can, may, must, should, will等，构成: there will /may/must/can, etc. be...:
_there will be an interesting talk on english next week.
_下个星期有个关于英语方面的有趣报告。
_my watch doesn’t work, there may be something wrong with it.
_我的手表不走了，可能出了故障。
_三、“there be” 句型还有扩展形式
_在there be 句型中, 除be之外, 某些表示存在概念的不及物动词也可以用于这种句型, 这些动词大致是: live, come, stand, lie等。请看：
_once there lived an old fisherman near the sea.
_海边曾经住着一位老渔夫。
_there stands a *g tall apple tree in front of my house.
_我家屋前有一棵高大的苹果树。
_then there came a knock at the door.
_那时传来了敲门声。
_四、使用“there be”句型时要注意主谓一致
_在there be引导的句子中, 谓语动词be的人称和数应该和它后面的主语(名词)保持一致, 当有两个或两个以上的名词作并列主语时, be的形式则和第一个名词保持一致(就近原则)。如:
_there is a small river near the village.
_村子附近有条小河。
_there are two thousand students in our school.
_我们学校有2000名学生。
_there is a pen and two books on the desk.
_课桌上有一枝钢笔。
_五、there be句型与have的区别:
_二者都表示汉语中的“有”。但是在用法上有区别: there be 句型表示“某处(某时)有某物”; 而have则表示“某人或某物拥有某物”, 强调主语和宾语的所属关系。如:
_there are quite a few pine trees on the campus.
_校园里有许多松树。
_each supergirl has her merits and faults.
_每个超级女生都有他的优点和缺点。
_we have ten copies, but we shall need *.
_我们有10册,但是我们还需要更多。
_六、there be 句型的转换
_一般地说, there be 句型的基本转换还是比较容易掌握的, 关键要注意句型中名词的转换形式, 请看下面的例句:
_are there any boats on the lake? (一般疑问句)
_there are not any students in the classroom. (否定句)
_——what's in the bag? (对主语提问的特殊疑问句)
_——there are many oranges in it.
_七、there be 句型的时态:
_there be 句型没有语态形式, 但是却有比较复杂的时态形式, 以及可以表达不同的情态语境,请看下面的例句:
_there will be a class meeting this afternoon. (一般将来时)
_今天下午有班会。
_there was a football match in our school yesterday. (一般过去时)
_昨天我们学校有一场足球赛。
_there have been great changes in china in the past twenty years. (现在完成时)
_在过去20年里中国发生了巨大变化。
_there are going to be two english parties next week. (一般将来时)
_下周有两场英语晚会。
_there must be something wrong with the com*r. ( must be)
_这台计算机一定出问题了。
_八、即时练习
_用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
_1. there was a tractor _____ (work) and some cows _____ (eat) grass on the farm.
_2. look! there _______ (come) the no.7 bus.
_3. there _______ (be) sheep and goats on the hill yesterday morning.
_4. there must _______ (be) somebody in the corner because there was something _____ (move) quickly.
_5. there _______ (be) a writer and singer in our school last week.
_6. there _______ (be) a writer and two singers in our school last week.
_7. _______ there _______ (be) an exciting concert in town tomorrow?
_8. there ________ (be) a lot of changes in my hometown in the last two years.
_9. once there _______ (live) some hard-working people in the forest.
_10. ______ there ________ (stand) a statue (塑像) by the sea?
___